Water and Energy

So you thought that water was just good for drinking and for fish to frolic in? Not so! For a number of years there has been an incredible amount of research and development into wave power / energy as a renewable energy resource for the globe.  Here I pause [         ] and metaphorically take a sip of water *sip* before presenting the following:

Wave Energy as a Global Energy Resource

Wave energy is a renewable energy resource created by large storms hundreds of miles offshore that generate and transmit huge amounts of energy which travels great distances (via swell) and mixes with local influences (seas) to arrive at our shores.

It is a genuinely renewable energy source and distinct from tidal energy.

Wave energy is generally considered to be the most concentrated and least variable form of renewable energy. It is the high power density of wave energy that suggests it has the capacity to become the lowest cost renewable energy source.

Wave power is a relatively unknown solution as a clean energy source, yet its uninterrupted and continuous source of energy has the potential to be among the most enduring suppliers of the world’s future needs if some obstacles can be overcome.  One major problem with most wave technology is that waves have too much energy.  Britain has 35 out of the world’s nearly 130 wave energy and tidal stream device developers, which include Pelamis, Aquamarine Power and Marine Current Turbines.

The World Energy Council has estimated that approximately 2 terawatts (2 million megawatts), about double current world electricity production, could be produced from the oceans via wave power.  It is estimated that 1 million gigawatt hours of wave energy hits Australian shores annually and that 25% of the UK’s current power usage could be supplied by harvesting its wave resource.

In 2011, consistent with other industry forecasts, the UK Carbon Trust estimated that the Global Marine Energy sector could be worth US$760 billion by 2050 and could support 68,000 jobs in the British Marine energy sector alone. Industry estimates put annual marine energy revenues at nearly US$100 billion by 2025. CETO is a portable technology and through Carnegie’s 100% ownership of the technology Carnegie has full access to this untapped global market.

Wave energy has significant global potential with the USA, North & South America, Western Europe, Japan, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand among some of the best wave energy sites around the world.

Wave energy flows in the direction of wave propagation and is measured as the amount of power (in kW) contained in each linear metre of wave front. Typically energy above 20kW/m may be suitable for CETO wave farm projects.

Incroyable, no? I think so. So incredible actually that I’ve been conducting experiments with our water cooler this morning. I’ve been simulating wave power by inserting the wires from my voltmeter into the bottle, then rocking the water bottle back and forth to create waves and to see whether they generate power. All was going swimmingly well (I thought) until the bottle came adrift, water sloshed about (only a bit) and someone ratted me out to the HOD, Mrs Furthingstoke. Seems as if I’ve been banished from the water cooler area until further notice. Apparently, somebody will bring my drinking water to me.

Never mind, as soon as I get home, it’s straight into the tub, where I’ll be building up a serious rate of knots (energy) by squooshing back and forth creating ginormous waves.

It’ll take more than Mrs Furthingstoke to deter me from reaching life changing scientific breakthroughs!

Hydration, Water and … Chia Seeds?

Staying properly hydrated ensures that all of your bodily functions are … well … functioning. You can only go three days or so without water, and as your body loses its hydration, you will experience all kinds of awful side effects. Dehydration can cause irritability, lethargy, dangerously low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, headaches, shock, and even death.

The average adult can usually maintain proper levels of hydration by drinking enough water. That being said, extreme heat or exertion can be draining on even a healthy adult. Kids and the elderly are more susceptible to extreme dehydration than the average adult … so if you have kids or older adults in your life that are important to you, the tips outlined below can be especially important for them (and for you!)

1. Pick the right water.

As a general rule, try to avoid hydrating beverages that have added sugar. In addition to having fewer calories, it’s important to choose hydrating beverages that don’t have sugar in order to prevent spikes in insulin levels. Going into a sugar crash compounded with the already-unpleasant sensation of dehydration is not the way to go. Plus, if you happen to be sick with diarrhoea during a hot summer day, sugary beverages can actually worsen your symptoms.

2. Snack on the right foods.

Fresh veggies and fruits are good snacks this time of year, and not just for dieters. Fresh produce has a very high water content, so it’s a great way to hydrate without having to drink a ton of water. For example, an apple is up to 85% of water by volume.

Pickles (and pickle juice) are higher in electrolytes than beverages like Liquid Power or Powerade, and have been shown to reduce cramping cause by exertion in high temperatures. The acetic acid in pickles and pickle juice are considered superior to the citric acid found in commercial sports drinks, at least when it comes to rehydration properties.

Another food you should add into your diet when staying properly hydrated is a concern are chia seeds. In addition to being high in protein, the seeds themselves help you to retain water by absorbing many times their own weight in water. If you can’t find the actual seeds, you may be able to find a chia seed gel at runner’s/sporting goods or health food shops.

3. Drink constantly, not occasionally.

You should be constantly drinking fluids, rather than guzzling multiple litres of water all at once.

Another way to explain this (in a rather radical comparison) is when you go to the hospital and get an IV drip, it’s a DRIP … meaning that you get a slow but steady introduction of fluids. You never see anyone getting an IV drip at the speed of a gushing fire hose.

It is better to have frequent, small amounts of fluid … especially if the dehydration is severe. Too many fluids at once can induce stomach upset or vomiting.

The amount of water you need in a given day depends on the environment, your activity level, and what other food and drink you have consumed.

Break up that amount of water into a cup or so every hour, and you’ll have a good, healthy intake of water. Drinking too much water in a very short period of time can put too much strain on your eliminatory processes, so finding the right balance is important.

4. Avoid diuretic behaviours.

Don’t do anything that you know will dehydrate you. In addition to exercise, also watch out for alcohol and caffeine. You might feel groggy when you get to the office … avoid your usual The Hulk sized mugs of coffee and go for a large glass of water. You might be surprised at how much more effectively the water perks you up.

5. Make it easy on yourself.

It’s hard to stay hydrated when you don’t have water nearby. At the office it should be easier – and practically impossible to avoid if you have a water cooler on the premises.

If you don’t, speak to the powers-that-be and ask them to drop AquAid a line, so that you get your water cooler tout suite.

Chia!

Lemon Water – is it really good for you?

I always remember my mum and her ‘home-made’ remedies – most of which I disliked intensely, as they involved gaggingly horrible ingredients like molasses and cod liver oil (I kid you not) and other such horribles.

Now, as a fully-fledged adult (as I would have you believe) I realise that my mum was (and is) a very wise and advanced individual when it came to such good health benefits.

Apart from the whacking great tablespoonful of said clo & m (or clom) every morning, part of my mum’s morning ritual would be the juice of half a lemon, freshly squeezed, in a glass of hot water. When it looked like a cold might be coming on, a tablespoon of honey (which we’ll chat about in another blog) would be dissolved in with the lemon water.

Here’s the sweet and the sour of it:

  1. Boosts your immune system: Lemons are high in vitamin C, which is great for fighting colds.  They’re high in potassium, which stimulates brain and nerve function. Potassium also helps control blood pressure.
  2. Balances pH: Drink lemon water every day and you’ll reduce your body’s overall acidity. Lemon is one of the most alkaline foods around. Yes, lemon has citric acid but it does not create acidity in the body once metabolised.
  3. Helps with weight loss:   Lemons are high in pectin fibre, which helps fight hunger cravings. It also has been shown that people who maintain a more alkaline diet (see #2) lose weight faster.
  4. Aids digestion:  Lemon juice helps flush out unwanted materials. It encourages the liver to produce bile which is an acid that required for digestion. Efficient digestion reduces heartburn and constipation.
  5. Is a diuretic: Lemons increase the rate of urination in the body, which helps purify it. Toxins are, therefore, released at a faster rate which helps keep your urinary tract healthy.
  6. Clears skin:  The vitamin C component helps decrease wrinkles and blemishes. Lemon water purges toxins from the blood which helps keep skin clear as well. It can actually be applied directly to scars to help reduce their appearance.
  7. Freshens breath: Not only this, but it can help relieve tooth pain and gingivitis. Monitor this, as too much citric acid can erode tooth enamel.
  8. Relieves respiratory problems: Warm lemon water helps get rid of chest infections and halt those pesky coughs. It’s thought to be helpful to people with asthma and allergies too.
  9. Prevent kidney stones: Drinking one half-cup of lemon juice every day raises citrate levels in the urine. Studies have shown that this could protect against calcium stones in the kidney.
  10. Potassium power: Bananas aren’t the only way to get a big helping of potassium in your system. In addition to vitamin C, lemons offer 80 milligrams of this mineral that helps your body stay strong and nimble.

If you’re one of those workaholics who arrives at work pre-dawn and you haven’t yet mastered the art of carrying your kettle with you, never fear. With AquAid’s range of water coolers, water boilers and in-cup drinks range, all you’ll need to stock up on is a lemon. Pour yourself a mug / thick glass of hot water (water from source I’ll have you know) add lemon (or squeeze, who needs a stress ball) mix and drink. Lemon power to you!

 

BTWC – Before the Water Cooler – 19th Century

In order for us to reach the very convenient, refreshing and rather necessary plateau of the age of the Water Cooler, this is how water wended its way throughout the UK throughout the decades.

This week, we look at potable water solutions and discoveries through the 1800’s.

1808
Richard Gillespie devised a filter system for Glasgow’s Cranston Hill waterworks using a layer of sand and gravel.

1820s
Robert Thom in Scotland and James Simpson in England perfected mechanical and sand filtration at the same time.

1826
Aberdeen collected water from near the Bridge of Dee by building a tunnel alongside the river which drained off filtered water from the river bed.

1840
John Roe helped solve the problem of blocked drains by building an egg-shaped sewer.

1847
Polluting drinking water was made a criminal offence.

1847
An aqueduct and pipeline was built to bring water to Bristol from sources 25km away.

1848
Manchester built five reservoirs in the Langdendale Valley 15km from town.

1852
The General Board of Health recommended building new sewers in every town.

1853
Leicester was the first town to set up sewage works to treat waste water.

1859
Glasgow’s Loch Katrine works were opened providing the city with a supply of 230 million litres per day. At the time, the Corporation was warned about the dangers of lead pipe corrosion by soft acid waters.

1861
Aberdeen extended its River Dee tunnel system to supply 28 million litres per day.

1865
Joseph Balgazette designed the first interceptor sewers to carry London’s sewage down the banks of the Thames to be dumped into the estuary.

1867-78
New laws allowed town councils and local authorities to take water companies into public ownership.

1869
The “Native Guano Co.” at Hastings and Leamington dried and pressed sewage to sell as manure.

1880
Liverpool built Britain’s first all-stone dam on the River Vyrnwy in Powys.

1885
Water was checked for bacteria for the first time.

1890s
Bacterial sludge beds were first designed for treating sewage.

1892
Birmingham was given 18,000 hectares (45,000 acres) of Wales to build three reservoirs in the Elan Valley. These were opened in 1904.

At AquAid, we’re pleased to say that we offer the aforementioned potable water in a variety of forms, from bottle fed through to mains fed water coolers.

Water comes from 3 different sources throughout the U.K. and our water coolers are available nationwide, a few that are highlighted above. But do have a look at our nationwide coverage to establish which AquAid will best suit your requirements.

Plus, revenue from sales is donated by AquAid to sustainable charities like Christian Aid and The Africa Trust.

Water Coolers in the Workplace – It’s the Law!

Here is the ‘Law-uh’! (to be said with an old-school-spaghetti-Western-type-small-town-sheriff pronunciation).

In the U.K. the Workplace Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations of 1992, Regulation 22 places requirements on the employer with respect to the provision of drinking water.

It states:

1. An adequate supply of wholesome drinking water shall be provided for all persons at work in the workplace.

2. Every supply of drinking water required by paragraph (1) shall –
  (a) be readily accessible at suitable places; and
  (b) be conspicuously marked by an appropriate sign where necessary for reasons of health or safety.

3. Where a supply of drinking water is required by paragraph (1), there shall also be provided a sufficient number of suitable cups or other drinking vessels unless the supply of drinking water is in a jet from which persons can drink easily.

With this rather stern fact out of the way, I then proceeded to cross fjords, wade through rivers, scuba in ponds and was sadly, unable to find any unusual water laws per country.

What I did come across, however, were a plethora of unusual water tidbits and factoids.

  • If the entire world’s water were fit into a 4 litre jug, the fresh water available for us would equal only about one tablespoon.
  • Each Briton uses about 150 litres of tap water a day, but if you include the amount of water embedded within products, our water consumption increases to about 3400 litres a day.
  • One cotton t-shirt has about 25 baths full of water embedded in it. (Frightening that, but the thought of seeing Colleague X nekkid at the water cooler, the t-shirt needs to stay)
  • To produce just one pint of beer for example, takes 170 litres of water.
  • It takes 200,000,000 litres per second to grow food for the planet.

Overall, that’s a lot of water used and some of that isn’t even for drinking!

So, employer, be kind to your employees and install a water cooler that will allow them to keep hydrated and therefore, be happier, healthier and more productive during working hours.

And remember, it’s the law-uh! *cue sunset and whistle Ennio Morricone theme to The Good, The Bad and The Ugly and exit stage left*